Manuscript Title:

PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SHISHAM (DALBERGIA SISSOO) WOOD GROWN IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN

Author:

MAJID HUSSAIN, SYED MUHAMMAD ASIF SHAH, SANA AHMAD, ADNAN YOUSAF, SUNDAS SHAUKAT, SIDRA YOUSAF, SYED WASIF AHMED, SAIRA, ZAHID RAUF, QURAT UL AIN AFZAL

DOI Number:

DOI:10.17605/OSF.IO/AQMD9

Published : 2023-03-10

About the author(s)

1. MAJID HUSSAIN - Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Haripur, Hattar Road Haripur City, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
2. SYED MUHAMMAD ASIF SHAH - Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Haripur, Hattar Road Haripur City, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
3. SANA AHMAD - Department of Biochemistry, Bahria University Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan.
4. ADNAN YOUSAF - Department for Innovation in Biological, Agri-food and Forestry Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
5. SUNDAS SHAUKAT - Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council (CNR), Italy.
6. SIDRA YOUSAF - Department of Chemistry, GPGC for Women, University of Haripur, Hattar Road, Haripur City, KP, Pakistan.
7. SYED WASIF AHMED - Department for Innovation in Biological, Agri-food and Forestry Systems (DIBAF), University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy.
8. SAIRA - Department of Zoology, GC Women University Sialkot, Pakistan.
9. ZAHID RAUF - Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan.
10. QURAT UL AIN AFZAL - Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Haripur, Hattar Road Haripur City, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

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Abstract

Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) is considered the most valuable commercial timber in Pakistan due to its better strength, wood working properties and attractive figure. Wood quality is affected by the climate in which wood is grown. Wood is a natural material and many continually evolving factors, which may contribute and affects the individual characteristics of wood, such as MoE, MoR, hardness and other properties. It is important to have the knowledge about the physical and strength properties of the Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) wood to identify the particular forest type where it can grow better for production of valuable timber resources and rational utilization. In this study Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) wood samples were collected from three different forest types of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa i.e., Sub-Tropical Broad Leaved, Tropical Thorn and Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests and tested for Physico-mechanical properties. Random sites were selected from each forest types i.e. Dera Ismail Khan from Tropical Thorn Forest, Kohat from Tropical Dry Deciduous Forests while Swabi & Peshawar from Sub-Tropical Broad Leaved Forest. The wood samples were adopted for testing and evaluated tests for its various Physico-mechanical properties on Amsler Universal Wood Testing Machines in Wood Mechanics laboratory of Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar by following BS-373 British Standard Institute. Wilks test Multivariate Analysis of Variance MANOVA was run by R-Package and Homogeneous subsets on SPSS to determine statistically significant effects of different sites on strength properties of Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) wood grown in three different forest types and to assess correlation between density and strength properties. Post hoc multiple pair-wise comparisons were performed using Games Howell and Tukey HSD test p < 0.05. Based upon the results of the present study, it has been revealed that the wood grown in Dera Ismail Khan Site has relatively high value of density and superior in strength properties than Kohat, Swabi and Peshawar sites. It is recommended that the Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) wood from Tropical Thorn Forest has better production and utilization potential in wood based industries particularly furniture industries of Pakistan with valuable hardwood timber. Whereas, the stiffness property (MoE) is of prime concern, Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) wood from Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest i.e. Kohat site was the best choice amongst the studied sites. Therefore, wood density is recommended as a wood quality indicator for assessing the preliminary quality and other wood properties in wood based industries and domestic use of wood.


Keywords

Physico-mechanical properties, Wood Density, Shrinkage, Equilibrium Moisture Content, Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo), Pakistan.