Most developing countries face food security challenges, particularly those that are socioeconomically and environmentally challenging. The present study examined the factors that determine food security in Balochistan, Pakistan, based on demographic, social, and climate change factors. In a cross-sectional study of 600 households, logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors affecting food security. Several factors were associated with food security, including gender, age, education, fertilizer use, access to farm assets, conservation of natural resources, and rainfall patterns. For improving food security outcomes in Balochistan and similar regions, it is important to take into account various demographic, social, and environmental factors. A key focus of the study is the effect of climate change on food security and the importance of conserving natural resources. Food security outcomes in the study area and beyond may be improved by addressing climate change and other related factors. Using the study's findings, the study recommends that Balochistan and other regions facing similar problems adapt to and mitigate climate change, improve access to education, and promote sustainable agriculture practices. As a result, this study contributes valuable insight into Balochistan's food security issues. Scientists and academics working on food security and climate change will benefit from the findings. When designing interventions to improve food security outcomes in Balochistan and similar regions, it is important to consider demographic, social, and environmental factors. Balochistan and similar regions can benefit from the findings of this study in improving food security outcomes.