Aim: Evaluate the effectiveness of Competency Based Educational Program on knowledge and practice towards nurses' performance in the NICUs. Design: A quasi experimental design was used. Settings: The study was conducted at NICUs in both Maternity and Pediatric Hospitals that affiliated to Ain shams university hospitals. Sample: A convenient sample of 70 nurses, from the previously mentioned settings during the period of 1 year. Tools: Two tools were used to collect data namely: A structured interviewing questionnaire and standardized observational checklists (A pre-posttest) to assess nurses’ knowledge and practice regarding their performance at NICUs. Results: There was highly statistically significant improvement in posttest compared to the pretest results regarding the nurses’ performance at NICUs where P<0.001. Conclusion: The competency based educational program for nurses' was effective in improving nurses' performance at NICUs. Recommendations: Conduct competency based educational programs to improve nurses' performance at NICU based on their actual need assessment.