Neurological illnesses affect more than twenty million people. People globally each year. Stroke, brain tumors, dementia, Parkinson's disease, and numerous other infections are examples of neurological conditions. Computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), positron emissions
tomography, and other standard diagnostics techniques are used. MRI has the best safety, highest detection rate, and consistency among these techniques. The benefits of non-invasive, non-radioactive, multi-parameter imaging offered by MRI as an advanced imaging technique make it a vital tool for identifying brain disorders. Perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are the three subtypes of MRI. This research focuses on their technical tenets, traits, and clinical applications to further these three approaches—improving clinical neurological condition detection and therapy and developing magnetic resonance technologies.