Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of head and neck cancer (HNC) risk factors in Punjab, Pakistan including demographic and behavioral risk factors, socioeconomic status and diet pattern. Materials and methods: A total of 640 subjects including 320 HNC patients and 320 controls (healthy subjects) were enrolled. Data of recruited patients was gathered from different hospitals of Punjab, Pakistan. Ethical approval and informed consent were taken and a standardized questionnaire was designed. Results: Results of demographic risk factors revealed that regarding age, smoking, chewing habits, diet pattern, consumption of fruits and vegetables, anemic status, socioeconomic status, monthly income, type of occupation and living area, there was highly significant difference (p 37 to 87, unmarried, unemployed patients, students, patients living in rural area and belonging to central Punjab were found to be significantly associated with HNC.