1. ALI RAZA - PhD Scholar, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.
2. MUHAMMAD ASHFAQ WAHID - Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.
3. MUHAMMAD FARRUKH SALEEM - Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.
4. ZAHEER AHMED - Associate Professor, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad.
A two-year field study was conducted to evaluate the impact of different sowing times on the development and production of seven distinct soybean genotypes, taking into account the potential effects of drought and high temperatures. The yield and morpho-physiological characteristics of various seeding periods were used to gauge how different genotypes of soybean responded. Four sowing dates and seven genotypes of soybean were used in the study. The study was comprised of different treatments; i) soybean genotypes; NARC-2, NARC-16, Faisal Soy, Ajmeri, Rawal, Malakand-96 and Swat-84 ii) sowing dates (1st week of July, 3rd week of July, 1st week of august and 3rd week of august). The study was carried out over two consecutive years to discern variations among genotypes. Results have revealed that sowing time significantly affected the phenological and growth attributes, including days to 50% emergence, days to flowering, pod formation, and maturity. In addition, early-sown crops showed better growth and development attributes as compared to late-sown crops. In comparison to early-sown crops, plant physiological parameters such as photosynthetic rate, transpiration, stomatal conductance, water potential, and relative water contents were similarly lower under late-sown crops. Additionally, the sowing time had an impact on seed output and yield qualities, with early-planted crops showing higher seed weight and yield than late-planted crops. Among the genotypes, soybean genotype Malakand-96 was followed by Faisal soy, Ajmeri, Sawat-84, Rawal, NARC-2, and minimum seed oil content was measured in soybean genotype NARC-16. Malakand-96 showed maximum morphophysiological, seed yield attributes, and seed quality parameters as compared to other genotypes, however, Faisal soy stood second in terms of performance under early and late sown crops. Superior genotypes are selected for more study and development. These genotypes can be directly applied to areas where drought and high temperatures are common, or they can be utilized as parents in breeding initiatives to create varieties that can withstand the combined pressures of high temperatures and drought.
Sowing Time, Genetic Potential, Phenology, Physiology, Quality.