1. SHAH NAWAZ - Faculty of Science and Health, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom, UK
2. IQRA GHAFOOR - Institute Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
3. MUHAMMAD WASEEM RASHEED - State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences,
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.
4. MUHAMMAD SAFDAR - Agricultural Remote Sensing Lab, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
Department of Irrigation and Drainage, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
5. ABID SARWAR - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Merced (UCM), Merced, CA,
USA.
Department of Irrigation and Drainage, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
6. SYED INTSAR HUSSAIN SHAH - Agricultural Remote Sensing Lab, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
Department of Irrigation and Drainage, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
7. ZAFAR IQBAL - Department of Agricultural Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology (UET), Peshawar, KPK,
Pakistan.
Salinity is a major issue in arid and semi-arid regions, affecting agricultural production and crop yield, leading to food scarcity in developing countries. However, the availability of data on salt-affected soils is hindered by resources and advanced technology. Pakistan's arid and semi-arid climate zone requires accurate management strategies due to the lack of salt-affected soil data. Advancements in GIS and remote sensing technology enable accurate monitoring of soil salinity. Thus, from June 2017 to June 2023, this study was designed to map and comprehend changes in salt-affected soils in tehsil Samundari and Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Sentinel-2 photos with a 10m resolution were used in this investigation. Land use land cover (LULC) maps for 2017, 2019, 2021, and 2023 were created by processing satellite pictures, calculating indices, and using supervised classification. The study's findings demonstrated that SAS's coverage area grew. There was a decrease in the amount of barren land, although it was more pronounced in Tehsil Faisalabad. However, because the land was no longer suited for agriculture and the contractors exploited it for commercial reasons, the build-up and grassland areas were expanded, increasing the buildup land. However, a rise in build-up land and salt-affected soils caused farmland to initially decline, although an improving trend in agriculture was noted in 2023. The study's findings, however, indicated that by determining the recent extent or expansion of these problematic soils, the application of GIS and RS technology can be very helpful in the successful execution of various management and reclamation strategies. Without this information, the situation would be extremely difficult and concerning for future generations.
Remote Sensing, GIS, Salt affected soil, LULC, Sentinel-2, NDSI, Salinity Indices.