Moringa oleifera is a well-known traditional medicinal plant for its magical vitality. The medicinal effects are attributed to various bioactive compounds present in this plant species. The goal is to extract these bioactive compounds efficiently. In this study, various polarity gradient solvents were used to extract the compounds from the M. oleifera leaves. The extraction profile was analyzed by using comparative FTIR analysis in the mid-infrared region (4000–400 cm⁻¹). Spectral data revealed distinct variations in peak intensities and positions, corresponding to functional groups such as aldehyde, phenol, alkyl aryl ether, sulfoxide, alkane, conjugated acid, vinyl ether, alkene, amine salt, carboxylic acid, conjugated aldehyde, halo compound, aromatic compound, and alcohol. n-Hexane, chloroform, ethanol, and distilled water extracts exhibited more diverse and intense peaks, suggesting greater solubility of bioactive compounds. Leaves extracted with the remaining solvents contain fewer, but still important, functional groups. These findings provide insights into the solvent selectivity for tissue-specific phytochemical composition of M. oleifera, informing future applications in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmeceutical industries.