In recent years, terrestrial ecosystems have suffered transformations as a result of anthropogenic activities, leading to the loss of natural heritage. Therefore, the objective of the study was to identify ecosystem degradation through a multi-temporal analysis of vegetation cover and land use change in the Bahuaja Sonene National Park (BSNP) and its Buffer Zone (BA) during the period 1984 - 2018. For the development of the research, multispectral satellite images Landsat 4, 5, 7 and 8 were used, which were processed in the ENVI 5.0.0 software, and then analysed through the following indices: Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalised Difference Water Index (NDWI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI2), and Cellulose Absorption Index (CAI). The results show that 1.45% of the total territory showed changes due to vegetation cover dynamics, of which 0.32% showed changes due to vegetation succession. The extension of agricultural land in the southern part has a growth rate of 13 ha/year. As for the buffer zone, agricultural soils show a considerable growth, determining that the territory presented a change in soil use due to the expansion of agricultural activities.