BACKGROUND: AIDS is a global pandemic with cases reported from every country with 37.7 million people living with AIDS as on 2020. In India, the estimated prevalence is around 23.48 lakhs among adults and around 58.96 thousand new infections in 2019. A subtle change in thyroid dysfunction is more common in HIV infection and at times detectable in the early phases of disease and as well as in late phases. The changes in thyroid function test (TFT) are AIDS specific and are consistent with an abnormal response to acute illness. However, there is a paucity of Indian studies that are needed to evaluate thyroid dysfunction in human immune deficiency virus – Infected patients. The study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in seropositive HIV patients visiting to a tertiary care medical college hospital of the state of Odisha.

METHODS- This cross-sectional and observational study conducted from November 2020- November 2021 took 50 seropositive human immune deficiency virus infected patients after satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria who attended opd / indoor of dept. of Medicine / General medicine. Their thyroid status is ascertained after history taking, physical examination, and thyroid function test report. Then the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction among our study population is determined and it is correlated with CD4 counts.

RESULT- The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 28% in our study group. Among them, Subclinical hypothyroidism (71.5%) as being the most common thyroid dysfunction followed by Hypothyroidism (21.4%) and Subclinical hyperthyroidism (7.1%). The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was highest with CD4 count <200 (57%) followed by CD4 count 200-500 (35.7%). Application of one way Anova test shows that low CD4 count was significantly associated with thyroid dysfunction (p= 0.013, Statistically significant).

CONCLUSION- Subclinical hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid dysfunction among sero +ve infective patient irrespective of the duration of illness and common with lower CD4 count and WHO clinical staging iii, iv. So, all patients are to be evaluated for thyroid function during screening to establish the causal factor of thyroid dysfunction in infected individual, though some of hypothesis can be opined that, chromic infection or opportunistic infection might have role in pathogenesis thyroid dysfunctions.